IS : 7200 ( Part II ) - 1975
( Rwffirmod lQQ6 ) ( Reaffirmed 2001 )

Indian Standard
PRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATA
PART II DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION OF DATA ( Fourth Reprint APRIL 1998 )

UDC 519.2 (084.2)

BUREAU
h4ANAK

OF

INDIAN

STANDARDS
ZAFAR MARG

BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 7

August 1975

IS : 7200 (Part lI) - 1975

Indian Standard
PRESENTATIdN OF STATISTICAL DATA
PART II
Quality

DIAGRAMMATIC
and Industrial

REPRESENTATION
Statistics Sectional

OF DATA
EC 3

Control

Commirtee,

Chairrnnn
DR P. K. BOSE

Refiesenting
University of Calcutta, Calcutta

COL H. S. CHHACHHI SHRI S. P. SURI (Alfcmate) DIRECTOR

Members SHSU hf. G. BHADE

Tata Iron and Steel Co Ltd, Jamshedpur Directorate General of Inspection, Ministry Defence, New Delhi Institute of Agricultural New Delhi

of

Research Statistics (ICAR),

The Indian Tube Co Ltd, Jamshedpur National Productivity Council, New Delhi SHRI R. S. GUPTA SHRI M. V. V. RAMM (Alternate) Central Statistical Organization, New Delhi SHRI S. K. GUPTA Indian Jute Industries' Research Association, SHRI A. LAHIRI Calcutta SHRI U. Durra (Alternate) National Test House, Calcutta SHRI S. MONDAL SHRI S. K. BANERJEE(Alternate) Indian Associktion for Productivity, Quality and DR S. P. MUKHES~EE Reliability, Calcutta knr B. HIbWiSINoKA (Alternote) Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta SHRI R. G. NARASIMHAN The South India Textile Research Association, SHRt T. V. RATNA~I Coimbatore Defence Research and Development Organization, Di. D. RAY Ministry of Defence, New Delhi SHRI S. RANGANATHAN (Alternate) irea Board, Calcutta SHIU P. R. SENGUPTA SHRI N. RAMADURU (Alternate) Army Statistical Organization, Ministry of Defence, SHRI B. SITARAMAN New Delhi SHSU P. N. KAPOOR (Alternate) Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi SHRI S. SUBRAMU Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals, SHRI S. N. VOHRA New Delhi Director/ General, IS1 (Es-ojicio Afcrrrber) SHRI Y. K. BHAT, Deputy Director (Stat) (Secretary) (Continued on page 2)

SHRX D. DUTTA

SHRI S. S. PILLAI (Alternate)

BUREAU

Q Copyright 1975 OF INDIAN STANDARDS

This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Acl (XIV of 1957) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

Is : 7200 (Part II) - 1975 (Conrinfud frompuge1)
Industrial COflwnn
DR P. K. BOSE University of

Statistics

Subcommittee,

EC 3 : 7

Rcpresmting

Institute
Members DIRFETOR DR M. HOLLA (Akrnu:e) DR A. K. GAYEN SHRI S. K. GUPTA &RI s. B. PANDEY

Calcutta, Calcutta; and Indian of Social W&arc and Bticsa
Calcutta

Management,

Institute of Agricultural New Delhi

Research

S~tistics

(ICAR),

Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Central Statistical Organization, New Delhi Imperial Chemical Industries (India) Private Ltd, Calcutta Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta SHRX B. K. SAR&,R Delhi Cloth & General Mills Co Ltd, Delhi SHRI D. R. SEN DR (KUMARI) N. S. SHAICIJNTALA Defence Research and .Devclopmcnt Organization, Ministry of Dcfence, New Delhi Arrn~~;d$cic Orgamzation, Ministry of Defence, SHRl B. .%WN
&RI P.

N. I(APooR

(,&We)

2

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975

Indian Standard
PRESENTATION
PART II

OF STATISTICAL DATA
REPRESENTATION OF DATA

DIAGRAMMATIC

0.

FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard (Part II) was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 10 February 1975, after the draft finalized by the Quality Control and Industrial Statistics Sectional Committee had been approved by the Executive Committee. 0.2 Part I of this standard, dealing with tabulation and summarization ofdata, had been prepared with a view to assisting in drawing valid inferences from a large amount of data. However, sometimes the salient features of the data may not be quite evident to I the user when these are presented in a tabular f&m. Besides, some of the actual pattern of the data, specially pertaining to a time series type of observations are lost in the condensation and tabulation. On the other hand, graphs and charts facilitate quick understanding of the contents of the data, bring out fluctuations, interrelationships and other essential details more prominently. 0.3 The graphical representation of data has very wide use in practically all spheres of human activity, be it administrative, trade and commerce, education or any other scientific endeavour. However, depending on the situation a particular type of graphical or pictorial representation may be more effective than others. With this end in view, some of the most important types of diagrammatic representation of data are dealt with in this standard. The user may suitably select them or their combinations for his purpose.

1. SCOPE 1.1 This standard (Part II) deals with the diagrammatic representation of data in the form of line graphs, bar charts, pie charts, symbol charts and statistical maps. The colouring technique is outside the scope of this standard. 1.2 The other two important forms of diagrammatic representation, namely, histograms and statistical curves, which are more. relevant in the context of summarization of data, have been dealt with in Part I of the standard. 3

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975 2. VARIOUS Zir?esGraphs
a) Single

FORMS -

OF DIAGRAMMATIC
category may

REPRESENTATION
into the following

This

be subdivided

line graph, graph, graph.

b) Multi-line

c) Balance .graph, and d) Maxima and minima

2.1.1 Single Line Graph -This form of graphical representation is very often used for the time series data. Using the `time factor as the abscissa and the value of the variable as the ordinate a series of observations are The line obtained by joining the plotted in the chronological order. consecutive point is called the line graph. It brings out the fluctuations as well the general trend of the variable effectively. As an illustration, the line graph for the data on production of iron ore in India (excluding production from Goa) during the period 1951-1966 is shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1. Line graphs can also be used for studying the relationship between two variables when one is dependent on the other.
TABLE
YEAR

1 PRODUCTION

OF IRON

ORE IN INDIA YEAR 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966

INRING

195166

QUANTITY
(in million tonnes)
3.72 3.99 3.92 4.38 4.75 4.98 5.17 6.13

1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958

I

QUANTITY (in million tonnes) 7.98 IO.08 12.31 13.54 15.09 15.43 17.15 20.06

2.1.2 Multi-line Graph - When the line graphs of two or more variables This gives are shown in the same chart, it is called the multi-line graph. Variables of the a comparative picture of the trends of several variables. same kind are to be used while drawing the multi-line graphs. To distinguish, identify and bring out the relative importance of different variables, a bold continuous line may be used for the most important variable, a thin line for the next important variable, a broken line for the third variable The data in and a dotted line for the remaining variable and so on. Table 2 on the monthly quantity index of mineral production during 1970 have been used to illustrate this graph at Fig. 2.
4

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975

1951 53

55

57

59

61

63

65

67

YEARS

FIG. 1

PRODUCTION OF IRON ORE IN INDIA DURING 1951-66

TABLE?

QUAXVIlTY

INDEX

OF MINERAL

PRODUCTION

DURING

1970

(Base year 1960- 100) (cfuuw 2.1.2)
PERIOD

AU
MINERALS

COAL MINING
INCLUDING LIGNITE

METAL MINING

NONMETALLIC MINING

1970 Jan Feb Mm APT May

182 175 178 179 170 163 :z 155 166 163 182

161 153 155 160 :z :: 134 139 136 151

Jun Jul Aug
SeP Ott Nov Dee

146 149 152 149 137 122 121 117 :zt 152 172

191 :z :% 165 :z? 148 :z 196

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975
---ALL MINERALS INCLUDING MINING

220.

---c~ct

CQAL MINING LIGNITE NON-METALLIC METAL MINING

190 *

180. E 170 %SOLrso. Lo. 2 a 130 -

120 -

MONTHS FIG. 2 QUANTITY INDEX OF MIXERAL (Base Year PRODUCTION DURING 1970

1960 ==100)

2.1.3 Balance Gra@h - The line graphs of a pair of associated variables like income and expenditure, imports and exports, etc, are drawn to bring The areas bounded by the out the degree of balance between the two. Favourable and unfavourable areas two lines are shaded in this graph. Alternatively, the positive and negative are shown in two distinct shades. differences between the two variables may be treated as a single variak,%c and plotted as a single line graph, the positive values being shown above the line and the negative values below the line in opposite directions. This graph is illustrated with the data of imports and exports of Indian merchandise to UK for the period of 1955-56 to 1973-74 as given in Table 3. The resulting balance graph is shown in Fig. 3.
6

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975
TABLE 5 IMPORTS AND WFORTS Yw :;z
1957-58 1958-59 1959-60 yg E 1963-64 1964-a 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73 1973-74
260I-

OF INIXAN MERCHANDISE TO UK EXPORTS
180.8 164.4 161.4 164.2 178.8 159.7 170.7 I% 166.4 144.8 202.0 228.5 200.8 164.2 169.9 168.1 171.8 258.0

,?zR$$.s,
213.0 199.8 :E 194:3 200.2 217.2 185.6 171*5 163.6 150.1 165.5 162.6 127.5 100.4 126.7 220.8 237.2 244.8

240l.

220

3 L z % w" 8 5 z w 3 g

2oc

lea

160

140I.

____

IMPORTS EXPORTS EXCESS OF IMPORTS OVER EXPORTS EXCESS OF EXPORTS

I12c

IL 100

El _uuml

ylllllllll Vlllllll
v

Y

OVER IMPORTS

FIG. 3

VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTSOF INDIAN MERCHANDISETO UK 7

Is t 7200 (Part II) - 1975 2.1.4 Maxima and Minima Graph - The highest and lowest values of the variables for each time period are plotted and connected by bold vertical lines. The average values of the variable are then connected by a line graph. Such a graph brings out the short term fluctuations and help to assess the general trend more objective] y. In Table 4 are given the spot prices of standard gold prevailing in the Bombay market for 15 months from August 1972 to October 1973. The highest, lowest and average prices are tabulated separately and the resulting maxima and minima graph is given in Fig. 4.
TABLE 4 SPOT PItE$ES&FS'TmNDy4RD&~ (PER
LOWEST

10 GRAMS)

PlBtlOD

HtWEST Rs 255 256 250 252 250 2% -. .

Rs 234 250 241 241 242 242 252 5; 321 324 342 353 350

A~ERAOE RS 239 252 247 245 246

1972 August September October November December 1973 January February March April May June July August September October

Ez 332
ii:
348 400

$2 273
307 328 326 333 360 357 356

362 360

2.2 Bar Charts - This category may be further subdivided into the following five types : a) Simple bar chart, b) Multi-bar chart, c) Component bar chart, d) Component trend chart, and e) Pyramid bar chart. 2.2.1 Simple Bar Chart - This is used to represent the trend of a single variable by bars, the heights of which are proportional to the value of the variable. The width of the bars is kept constant. The bar width should not, however, be too thick or too thin and should be drawn at regular short As a working rule, the intervals need not be more than twice the intervals.

if represented by width of the bars. The number of time periods/categories, simple bar charts, should preferably be below 15. The bars may be thickly shaded so as to render the visual comparison of the values more prominent and easier than in the case of line graph. Table 5 represents the consumption of electricity in the selected industries for the year 1967-68 and data is also represented in the form of simple bar charts in Fig. 5. 8

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975

4oc

35c

2oc

FIG. 4 HIGHEST, LOWEST AND AVERAGE MONTHLY PRICESPER 10 GRAMS OF GOLD IN BOMBAY FOR THE PERIOD AUGUST 1972 TO OCTOBER 1973 9

Is : 72oo(PartII)~1975 T-LIZ 5 CONSUMPTION
OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRIES IN 196748
(Million kWh) 445 592 692 751 777 1 121 1981 2 098 2 677 2 948 IN SFLEC'I'ED

IND"srn*EBcLause ***%3NSVMPTION
Silk Colliery Jute Chemicals Paper Cement Fertilizers Aluminium Iron and steel Cotton textiles

30 28 26 24 22

5 18.
? i
16. 14. 12. IO. 8.

; I= p J1 5 v

FIG. 5

CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRICITY IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES IN 1967-68 10

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975 2.2.2 Multi-bar Chart - In this chart more than one variable is represented by the bars. The bars have the same breadth for all the variables and time periods. Different colours or shading patterns may be used to distinguish between the variables. For each time period the bars are juxtaposed to form a cluster with a space in between the clusters for different time periods. The sequence of the variables within a cluster remains the same as in the case of first cluster. For the first cluster, the bars are arranged either in the It is not convenient to ascending or descending order of their heights. present more than four or five variables in this chart. Multi-bar chartsbring out the trend of the variables as well as their relative importance much more effectively. The data on production of selected minerals and ores in India, as given in Table 6, is drawn in the form of a multi-bar chart in Fig. 6. .
TABLE 6 PRODUCTION OF SELJETED MINERALS Rs) M.~NGANESE 72 129 75 90 000 757 831 048 GOLD 67 57 59 44 530 673 103 979 AND ORES IN INDU

(Production Value in `000 YEAR 1951 1956 1961 1966 IRON ORE 20 953 39 863 89211 175 969 COPPER ORE 19 28 22 25 400 981 981 378

2.2.3 Component Bar Chart - When the value of a variable is composed of everal parts, the bar representing it will be divided into component parts which may be distinguished by different colours or shading patterns. The sequence of the components should remain the same in all the bars and the The comlarger components should occupy the lower portion of the bars. ponent bar chart is depicted in the same way as a simple bar chart in other respects, namely, width of the bars, space in between the bars and the number of bars. This chart brings out the overall trend as well as the interrelationship between the component variables and their trends. Table 7 provides an illustration of this chart which is given in Fig. 7. 2.2.3.1 For making the comparison between the various segments of the component'bar charts more meaningful, it is sometimes advantageous to represent the data in terms of percentages. The data given in Table 7 is given in terms of percentages in Table 8 and represented as component bar chart in Fig. 8. 2.2.4 Comforwzt Trend Chart - In this chart the mid-points of upper widths of the bars corresponding to each component are plotted about the time periods and joined together to give a component line graph for eaeh component. If the points between the two consecutive component lines are shaded differently, we get the component trend chart. The component trend chart depicting the data given in Table 7 is given in Fig. 9. 11

28 t 7!zoo(PartII)-1975
160

IB
m mm]

MANGANESE GOLD IRON ORE

$60 w El40 ifi ,120
0

$100 o_ =

F

60

5 60 a LO > 20 0
1951 FIG. 1956 YEARS 1961 1966

6
7

PRODUCTIONOF SELECTEDMINERALS AND ORES IN INDIA

TABLE

PRODUCTION

OF COTTON CLOTH (Chse 2.2.3) (in million m&es)

(MILLS

SECTION)

YEAR 1951 1956 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

COARSE 332.4 657.1 790.2 760.8 809.8 868.5 802.6 719.6 682.8 708.9 608.9

MEDIUM 1 902.8 3 471.6 3 514.0 3 350.2 3 128.9 3 283.2 3 244.4 2 992.4 2 912.2 3 096.5 3 059.5

F:NE AND SUPERFINE 1 492.2 ZF1 449.3 484-2 501.8 540.4 526.9 %:5 500.6

TOTAL 3 727.4 4 852.3 4 701.5 4 560.3 4 422.9 4 653.5 4 587.4 4 238.9 4 097.5 4 366.2 4 169.0

12

TS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975

m m
I

MEDIUM FINE 6 SUPERFINE COARSE

`2 !mo-

0

F ii g

LOO0 -

2 0
1 2 3000 I

z g 2000 s s: g 1000 -

0 . 1951 56 61 YEARS 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

FIG. 7

PRODUCTIONOF COTTON CLOTH (MILLS SECTION)

TABLE

8

PERCENTAGE PRODUCTION OF DIFFERENT COTTON CLOTH (MILLS SECTION) (Ch.re 2.2.3.1)

VARIEm

OF

YEAR I

PERCENTAGE PRODUCTION OF A

TOTAL

Coarse

Medium

Fine and Superfine

1

1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

1951 1956 1961

16.7 18.3 18.7 17.5 17.0 16.7 16.2 14.6

8.9 13.5 16.8

73.5 70.7 70.6 70.7 70.6 71.1 70.9 73.4

51.0 71.5 74.7

40.0 14.9 8.5
9.8 10.9 IO.7 11.8 12.4 12.2 12.8 12.0

99.9 99.9 loo.0 100.0 99.9 loo.0 100.0 100.0 loo.0 99.9 100.0

13

IS t 7200 (Part II) - 1975

am
m 0

MEDIUM FINE h SUPERFINE COARSE

YEARS

FIG. 8

PERCENTAGE PRODUCTIONOF DIFFERENTVARIETIESOF CLOTH

2.2.5 Pyramid Bar Chart - If the values of the components corresponding to two attributes of opposite or related nature are entered one below the other with a narrow vertical space at the centre and shaded bars are drawn horizontally on either side with lines proportional to the values of the components in diminishing order upwards, the resulting chart will resemble to a pyramid in appearance. Such bar chart brings out an easy comparison and are extensively used for depicting information such as males and females in In different regions, export and imports from different ports and so on. Table 9, the gross weight of cargo handled at six major ports of India during 1966-67 are given and the resulting pyramid chart is given in Fig. 10. 2.3 Pie Chart -When the values of the components of a variable or their relative contributions to the total are of interest, they may be represented by the sectors of a circle while the whole circle or the pie represents the total The relative contribution is usually indicated by the value of the variable. percentage distribution. The sectors representing the components usually shown in descending order of their contribution, may be easily drawn with the help of a protractor, the angles being obtained by multiplying the percentages of the components by 3.6 or by multiplying the ratios of the values In such a representation, the of the components to the total value by 360. 14

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975
MEDIUM FINE & SUPERFINE COARSE

YEARS FIG. 9 PRODUCTION OF COTTON CLOTH

TABLE

9

GROSS WEIGHT OF CARGO HANDLED SIX MAJOR PORTS DURING 1966-67 (Clause 2.2.5 )

AT

PORT

1966-67 ----------, Imports Exports (in million tonnes) (in million tonnes) 5 792 13 227 3 868 4 212 5 039 1 988 3 712 667 238 15 956 --

2 424 Total

z i'7:
15

30 610

IS t 7200 (Part ll) - 1975

l-b li
FIG. 10

lb

i

i

i
CARGO

i

-0
TONNES)

0

;

L

6

(MILLION

GROSS WEIGHT OF CARGO HANDLED AT MAJOR PORTS

residual components may be indicated by the terms `others', `unclassified', `miscellaneous' or `not known' and shown last even though its share may be large. 23.1 A circle of convenient size is first drawn and a radius is drawn horizontally to the right of the centre as the starting point. The protractor is then placed on this radius with its centre coinciding with the centre of the The angle of the first component is drawn for the sector indicating circle. Then the protractor is placed on the,second radius the first component. bounding the first sector as before and the second angle marked to obtain the If the second sector. The procedure is continued till the last component. contribution of the biggest sector exceeds 50%, the angle for this sector may be obtained by drawing the sector for the remaining contribution in the Small sectors with less than three degrees may be clockwise direction. lumped with the residual component. The number of components may thus be reduced to 5 or 6 by suitable grouping of the components. 2.3.2 Shades of decreasing intensity may be used to distinguish the component sectors. Brief description of the components together with actuals or percentages may be entered readable from left to right in small strips of space inside the sectors. 2.3.3 Pie charts may also be used for two or three time periods, regions or attributes having the same components for comparison purpose by drawing circles proportional in area to the values of the total. In such cases if R is taken to be the radius of the biggest circle corresponding to the largest total (T&, the radius Y of another circle is given by :
Y=R

I 2/r,,x

where I is the corresponding total. 16

Is : 7209 (Part II) - 1975 2.3.4 The pie charts in Fig. 11 represent the data on input value for three different industries shown in Table 10. 2.3.5 Sometimes the components of a variable are also shown as fragments of a rectangle. Such representations are more common in the illustration of financial allocations wherein the picture of currency note is made use of. Figure 12 depicts the distribution of expenditure ofan undertaking for the year 1972-73.
TABLE 10 INPUT VALUE FOR THREE INDUSTRIES DURlNG THE YEAR 1965 ( Clause2.3.4 )
ITEM

SL No.

VALUE IN RUPEES L . Refractories Tiles Sanitary Ware and White Ware 13 652 440 45 314934 820 678 1494313 9 822 032 7 127 576 Total 78 231973 13939099 16 254 080 2 624 635 241 153 3 963 001 2 202 640 39 224 608 5 090 143 11203401 302 670 437 364 2 405 761 1475851 20915 190

9 Fuel, electricity, lubricants, etc, consumed
ii) Materials consumed iii) Work done by other concerns iv) purchase value of goods sold in the Same
condition as purchased

v) Depreciation vi) Others

REFRACTORIES

TILES

SANITARYWARE AN0 WHITEWARE

A-MATERIALS B-FUEL,ELECTRICITY C-DEPRECIATION D-OTHERS

etc.

FIO. 11 PIE CHARTS

ON INPUT PATTERNS OF THREE SELECTED INDUSTRIES

17

IS t 7200 (Part II) - 1975 2.4 Symbol Chart - In this chart, a symbol indicative of the subject matter of the data is used as a unit of quantity, for example, a telephone representing 1,000 telephones produced in a year or a sewing machine representing 100 sewing machines manufactured in a year. There will be as many telephones shown in the chart for a particular year as many thousand This chart is also known as pictorial chart. In telephones produced. Table 11 is given the production of electric fans in India during 1936 to 1969 and the same is represented in Fig. 13.
TABLE 11 PRODUCTION OF ELBCTRIC FANS IN INDIA DURING 1956 TO 1969
YEAR

PRODUCTION wm 338 1 074 1 130 1 139 1 08.5 1448 1 289 1 382 1 468 1 557

1956 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

2.4.1 Because of the visual display and easy comprehension, symbol charts have a very wide range of application especially in fields like vital statistics. Table 12 gives the Decennial Growth of Population from 1901 to 197 1 as obtained from successive census. The data when represented symbolically as in Fig. 14 brings out more clearly the extent of growth of the population.
TABLE 12 DECENNIAL GROWTH OF POPULATION 1901 TO 1971 CENSUS YEAR 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971
POPULATION

238 337 313 252 005 470 251239 492 278 867 430 318 539 060 360950365 439 072 582 547 949 809

18

As in the Original Standard, this Page is Intentionally Left Blank

IS : 7200 (Part II) - 1975 Maps - Statewise or regionwise statistics in a particular subject or a number of subjects and their relative importance are effectively conveyed through statistical maps. The quantitative importance of each state/region is indicated by appropriate size of a single symbol or a number of symbols plotted on the map. Sometimes it is also possible to show the quantities pertaining to different regions by shades or colours. Up to four items or subjects of information can be conveniently presented in a single statistical map. Table 13 gives two itemsufinformation, namely, the number of the operative licences under the IS1 Certification Marks as on 31 March 1974 and the income accruing (in lakhs of rupees) for the year 1973-74. For the operation of the IS1 Certification Marks Scheme, the entire area of the country has been divided into eight regions administered by the Headquarters and branch offices located in different places. The information contained in Table 12 is depicted in a statistical map in Fig. 15. 215 Statistical

TABLE

13 NUMBER OF LICENCES AND INCOME IS1 CERTIFICATION MARKS SCHEME INCOME Fox 1973-74 (Rs in lakhs) 3.0 2.3 9.3 18.8 8.1 l-7 1.7 7.0 51-9

FROM

REGION

OPERATIVE LICENCES As ON 31.3.74 127 137 419 691 393 61 104 292 2 224

Ahmedabad Bangalore Bombay Calcutta Delhi Hytlerabad Kanpur Madras

23

IS : 7!200 (Part II) - 197s

100 OCLRATIVE 1NCOYL

LICENCLS

OF ONE 1AKY

RI

AMNEOASAD RtSlON

FIG. 15 STATISTICALMAP SHOWING NUMBER OF OPERATIVE LICENCES AS ON 31 MARCH 1974 AND INCOME FROMCERTIFICATIONMARKS FOR 1973-74 FOR DIFFERENTREGIONS

The

territorial from

waters the

of India extend

into the

sea to a distance of twelve

nautical miles

measured

appropriate

base line.

24

BUREAU

OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Man& Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002 Telephones: 323 0131, 323 3375, 323 9402 Fax:91113234062. 91113239399,91113239382 Tefegrams : Manaksanofha (Common to all Offices)
CmffaI Reglonsl Central

Llaoratory:
201010 OtWces:

TV
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Plot No. 2019, Site IV, Sahfbabad Industrial Area, SAHIBABAD

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